WSL: HCS_E_HYPERV_NOT_INSTALLED

Quick fix

Read the commands before running them. Anything that restarts a service, deletes data or changes permissions should be tried on a non-production system first.

# Is virtualisation enabled in firmware? Look for "Virtualization: Enabled"
systeminfo | findstr /i "Hyper-V Virtualization"

# Turn on the Windows feature WSL 2 needs (admin PowerShell), then reboot
dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:VirtualMachinePlatform /all /norestart

# Make sure the hypervisor is set to launch
bcdedit /enum | findstr hypervisorlaunchtype
bcdedit /set hypervisorlaunchtype auto

# After the reboot
wsl --update
wsl --status

# Still failing: enable SVM/VT-x in the BIOS or UEFI setup

How to diagnose Virtualization errors

Virtualisation errors are usually about hardware virtualisation access: either it is disabled in firmware, or another hypervisor already holds it. On Windows, Hyper-V, WSL 2, Docker Desktop, Credential Guard and memory integrity all claim the virtualisation extensions, and VirtualBox or VMware then fails with a message that mentions VT-x but not the actual conflict.

If the quick fix above does not resolve it, work through these steps. They apply to this whole class of error, not just to this one message, which is usually what saves the time.

1. Confirm virtualisation is enabled at the CPU level: grep -E 'vmx|svm' /proc/cpuinfo on Linux, or the Performance tab of Task Manager on Windows.
2. On Windows, check what else is using the hypervisor: bcdedit /enum | findstr hypervisorlaunchtype and whether Hyper-V, WSL 2 or Core Isolation are enabled.
3. On Linux, check /dev/kvm exists and that your user is in the kvm group; nested virtualisation must be enabled explicitly on cloud VMs.
4. Match guest additions and tools versions to the hypervisor version: mismatches cause shared folders, clipboard and display problems that look like guest OS bugs.
5. For WSL, run wsl --status and wsl --update; most WSL 2 errors are a stale kernel or a disabled Virtual Machine Platform feature.

Tools worth reaching for

• grep -E 'vmx|svm' /proc/cpuinfo
• wsl --status
• bcdedit /enum
• ls -l /dev/kvm
• systemctl status libvirtd

Authoritative references

Primary documentation for this error, worth reading before applying any fix in production.

📖 learn.microsoft.com

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