dig: status: SERVFAIL with EDE: 6 (DNSSEC Bogus)
The resolver fetched the answer but its DNSSEC signatures did not validate, so it refused to return it. Extended DNS Errors (RFC 8914) now say which kind of failure you hit. The usual cause is a botched key rollover or a DS record left at the registrar after moving DNS provider. Every validating resolver fails at once while non-validating ones still answer.
Quick fix
Read the commands before running them. Anything that restarts a service, deletes data or changes permissions should be tried on a non-production system first.
# Confirm it is DNSSEC: +cd asks the resolver to skip validation
dig example.com @1.1.1.1
dig example.com @1.1.1.1 +cd
# Compare the DS at the parent with the DNSKEYs the zone publishes
dig example.com DS +short
dig example.com DNSKEY +multi
# Walk the chain of trust step by step
delv example.com
# Fix at the registrar: update or remove the stale DS record,
# then wait for the parent's DS TTL to expireHow to diagnose DNS errors
DNS errors are best diagnosed by working down the delegation chain: root, TLD, authoritative nameserver, then the record itself. The most common mistake is testing only through your local resolver, which caches both good and bad answers and hides where the failure actually is. NXDOMAIN means the name definitively does not exist; SERVFAIL means the resolver could not get a valid answer, which is usually a DNSSEC or authoritative-server problem, not a typo.
If the quick fix above does not resolve it, work through these steps. They apply to this whole class of error, not just to this one message, which is usually what saves the time.
- Query the authoritative nameserver directly, bypassing all caches:
dig @ns1.example.com example.com A. If that answers correctly, you have a caching or propagation issue, not a records issue. - Trace the full delegation with
dig +trace example.com. This shows exactly which level of the hierarchy stops returning answers. - Distinguish NXDOMAIN from SERVFAIL from timeout. They have three entirely different causes. Check the
status:line in dig output. - For SERVFAIL, test with DNSSEC validation disabled:
dig +cd example.com. If that succeeds, the problem is a broken DNSSEC chain, often after a key rollover. - Check TTLs before declaring propagation broken. A record with a 24-hour TTL genuinely will not update for resolvers that cached it, and there is no way to force them.
Tools worth reaching for
dig +tracedig @authoritative-nsdig +cd (DNSSEC bypass)kdigresolvectl status
Authoritative references
Primary documentation for this error, worth reading before applying any fix in production.
Related DNS errors
- Bad Gateway - DNS resolutionReverse proxy cannot resolve the upstream server's hostname to an IP address.
- dig: ;; Truncated, retrying in TCP modeThe answer did not fit in the UDP message size the client offered, so the server set the TC…
- DNS cache poisoning detectedDNS resolver returned suspicious results, possibly indicating cache poisoning attack.
- DNS lookup timeoutDNS query took too long to complete, often due to slow or unresponsive DNS servers.
- DNS NXDOMAINDomain name does not exist in DNS, the queried domain is not registered or configured.
- DNS problem: NXDOMAIN looking up TXT for _acme-challenge.example.comLet's Encrypt queried the authoritative servers for the DNS-01 challenge record and was told…
- DNS resolution failedThe domain name could not be resolved to an IP address. DNS server may be unreachable or the…
- DNS server unreachableConfigured DNS servers are not responding, preventing domain name resolution.
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Something missing or wrong?
This entry is maintained by hand. If the fix is out of date, incomplete, or you have a better one, email a correction and it will be reviewed.